The moat that frames the old city of Jinan.[Photo by Zhao Ruixue/China Daily]

Over a century ago, author Liu E described Jinan in his novel, The Travel Journal of Lao Can, as a place where "springs bubble in every yard, and weeping willows surround every household".

The springs remain icons of Shandong's provincial capital, Jinan.

The 72 that have survived modernization are treasured.

"The springs are part of our lives," says a 60-year-old resident, who gives only his surname, Li.

His family uses spring water to cook and make tea.

The remaining springs surround the 5-kilometer moat that frames the old city and Daming Lake. Hourlong boat rides along the moat cost 100 yuan ($14.5) and stop at five scenic spots－Black Tiger Spring, Square of the Spring City, Baotu Spring, Five Dragons' Pool and Daming Lake.