Cultural relics
The 22,000-square-meter underground warehouse in the Palace Museum was first built in the 1980s. It can hold more than 900,000 cultural relics, which Shan says is not sufficient for modern needs.
"It's unscientific to let different kinds of cultural relics be kept at the same temperature," he explains. "We need a more advanced infrastructure with the best equipment. Our national treasures deserve dignity to live better."
A new project to renovate the warehouse is underway, which will also expand an 8,000-sq-m area and create capacity to hold 400,000 more cultural relics. Many non-exhibited items are now stored separately in different rooms in areas of the museum that are closed to the public.
Shan says applying for a 400 million yuan ($64 million) allocation from the central government was not easy, but he is relieved he is now able to save more relics that had been left exposed in unsafe conditions. "Some large pieces, like sandalwood furniture, finally had chance to shake off the dirt and wait in a nice place to be restored and exhibited."
Restoration of the huge number of relics is made even more difficult due to the shortage of personnel. Shan proudly claims the museum has the world's top professionals restoring Chinese cultural relics, but fire has been banned from use to avoid any danger to the wooden constructions, which has slowed down the working process.
"Nevertheless, we cannot rush. Restoration is responsible for history. To prepare the best exhibits is our primary concern－not time."
A new museum, covering 60 hectares, affiliated to the Palace Museum is being built in the northwestern outskirts of Beijing to increase the space available to do restoration work. Shan says it will become the world's largest hub for Chinese cultural relics' restoration, and the work sites will be open to visitors. Part of that museum will likely be in operation as early as October.
Safety is also crucial when restoring cultural relics, hence avoiding fire and minimizing the risks posed by natural disasters. Theft is also a major concern.
Shan says armed police will take over the security operations of the museum in the future, and all exhibits in the museum will be equipped with microchips to spot any movement of position.
"All these situations have forced us to build one of the largest central surveillance systems for a museum," he says.
"And cultural relics also have the right to have a rest. That's why our museum now closes on Mondays."
Respecting visitors
The Palace Museum received 15.34 million visitors in 2012, and is the world's only museum whose annual visitor numbers surpasses 10 million. It was once normal to spend at least an hour waiting in line to buy tickets. After Shan ordered all the ticket booths open, the wait period has dramatically reduced.
"After standing in line waiting for over an hour and squeezing into the museum following the crowd, how many people will be in the mood to enjoy the visit?" Shan says. "We should treat visitors with more dignity when they come from afar just to admire our palace."
Shan says the huge volume of visitors brings many challenges.
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