3. Deputies from the armed forces
The number of deputies of the armed forces in the people’s congresses of where they are stationed is decided by the standing committees of the specific provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities and counties where the army is stationed.
The number of deputies of the armed forces to the National People’s Congress is decided by the Standing Committee of the NPC and allocated by the supreme election committee of the armed forces.
4. Deputies in special administrative regions and among Taiwan compatriots
The allocation of the number of deputies to the NPC from special administrative regions and among Taiwan compatriots is decided by the Standing Committee of the NPC.
IV. Direct election
Direct election means voters directly elect deputies to the people’s congresses by casting their votes.
Direct elections are applicable to the election of deputies to the people’s congresses of the counties, districts, townships and towns.
1. Division of constituencies
(1) Constituency and voter’s group
A constituency is often divided into several voter’s groups.
(2) Size and type of constituencies
1) The size of constituencies
The size of constituencies is decided according to the principle that a constituency may have one to three deputies.
The population an urban deputy represents shall be more or less the same as those in different constituencies in urban areas. The population a rural deputy represents shall be more or less the same as those in different constituencies in rural areas.
2) Types of constituencies
Urban constituencies may be divided according to residential quarters or according to production units, institutions or work units.
In urban areas, voters of a production (or working) unit or an institution may vote in the constituencies where they work.
During rural election of the county people’s congress, normally several villages constitute a constituency. Villages of exceptionally large populations or townships of exceptionally small populations may stand as a constituency on their own.
During the election of deputies to the people’s congresses of townships and towns, several villager groups may form a constituency. Villagers groups with exceptionally large populations or villages with exceptionally small populations may stand as a constituency on their own.
2. The election process
(1) Naming the candidates
Candidates for deputies to the people’s congresses of the county and township levels are nominated according to constituencies.
Candidates may be nominated jointly or independently by political parties, mass organizations or more than ten voters, but the number of candidates a voter nominates shall not exceed the number of deputies in the corresponding areas.
(2) Casting the ballot
Ballot casting is presided over by the election committee.
Voting stations are established and mobile voting boxes are furnished in the constituencies. Election meetings may be called to cast the vote.
Voters obtain ballots by presenting their ID cards or voter’s cards.
Before ballot casting, staff presiding over the election shall tally and declare the number of voters, examine the ballot box in front of voters and organize voters to choose those to supervise ballot casting and help tally the votes.
The election is valid when more than half of the voters in a constituency have cast their votes. The election has to be held another time if less than this figure has cast votes.
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