The election system here refers to the way citizens choose public servants of the state. The election system of the People’s Republic of China here refers to the election of deputies to the people’s congresses at various levels.
The election of deputies to the people’s congresses includes general local election and the election of deputies from the armed forces, in the special administrative regions and among Taiwan compatriots.
The general election is applicable to the choice of local deputies and deputies in ethnic self-government areas.
I. The right to vote and stand for election
1. The right to vote and stand for election
(1) Obtaining the right to vote and stand for election
1) Direct right to vote and stand for election
All citizens of the People’s Republic of China who have reached the age of 18 have the right to vote and stand for election, regardless of ethnic status, race, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education, property status or length of residence.
Those who have been convicted to prison terms, are serving short-term forced labor under detention or have been put under surveillance but have not been stripped of their political rights; those who are in custody, under investigation, being charged and tried but the procuratorate or the court has not decided to suspend their rights of election; those who are on bail, or in residences under surveillance; those who are being reeducated through labor and those who have been punished with detention have the right to vote and stand for election.
2) Indirect right to vote and stand for election
In general local elections, deputies to the people’s congresses at various levels have the right to vote, but those who have the right to stand for election are not restricted to deputies of the people’s congress of the same level.
In the election of deputies in the armed force units equivalent to above the county level, deputies to army men congresses of the same level have the right to vote but those who have the right to stand for election are not restricted to deputies of the army men congresses of the same level.
In the election of deputies in special administration regions, members of electoral meetings have the right to vote but those who have the right to stand for election are not restricted to members of electoral meetings.
The election of deputies among Taiwan compatriots is conducted by consultation of the organizations of standing committees of people’s congresses of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Those who have the right to vote are those chosen by the consultations but people who have the right to stand for election are not restricted to those chosen by the consultations.
(2) Suspension of the right to vote and stand for election
During direct elections, those who are under custody, being investigated, charged or tried because of endangering national security or other serious criminal activities are suspended of their right to vote and stand for election during the period of custody, upon decision of the procuratorate or the court.
(3) The stripping of the right to vote and stand for election
Those who are stripped of their political rights according to law do not have the right to vote or stand for election.
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