Calligraphy is the art of writing for Chinese characters. Inscribed in earlier times on oracle bones, stone or metal wares, the characters were then of stiff and simple strokes, drawing or signs. After brush was invented for writing, Chinese characters began to develop rapidly into maturity, and many styles of writings or chirographies came into being, such as seal script, Li-style calligraphy (Han Dynasty official script), regular script, cursive script, running script etc.
Seal script, Li-style calligraphy (Han Dynasty official script), and regular script have all been adopted as the official scripts in different historical periods. To facilitate the daily communication, after each official script came into being, one or two more practical auxiliary scripts would emerge and came to be widely used. Li-style script and regular script used to be respectively the auxiliary scripts of seal script and Li-style script. Cursive script and running script were the auxiliary scripts of regular script. After the emergence of regular script, no other official scripts have ever appeared in China, and these square-shaped Chinese characters, of straight horizontal and vertical strokes, have been continuously used to present day.
Chinese characters have rich and varying patterns of expressions. And precisely for this reason, the art of Chinese calligraphy has taken on different and changeful styles and features in the long history and has been continuously developing.
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