Geography
Comprising
of the Macao Peninsula, Taipa and Coloane islands, Macao is a Special
Administrative Region since China resumed its sovereignty from the Portuguese Government on
December 20, 1999. Macao is situated at the sea coast of southeastern part of
China to the west bank of the Pearl River Delta, surrounded by sea from three
sides, linking the Zhuhai Economic Special Zone in the north of Guangdong
Province, facing Hong Kong in the east with a distance of 40 nautical miles only
an hour flight by hovercraft.
Climate
Macao belongs to the monsoon climate of East Asian Subtropical Zone. The
average annual temperature is 22oC -- the hottest month of the year is July,
the average temperature is over 30oC; the coldest month is January, the
average temperature is 14.6oC. The average annual precipitation is 2,013 mm
Population
Macao's total population is 440,000 as of
2000, among which over 96% are Chinese and the rest are mainly Portuguese. The
language the Macao inhabitants use daily is mainly Cantonese and the locally
born Portuguese can speak fluent Cantonese. The official languages currently in
use are the Portuguese and the Chinese languages. English is also used on many
occasions.
Brief Introduction
Macao is the China's territory since ancient
times. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), it was called Haojing, Haojiang,
Haijing and Jinghu in succession, but later was occupied by the
Portuguese.
Macao is a free port. It pursues an open
economic policy and has a highly export-oriented economy. It has a prosperous
economy featuring four pillar sectors: tourism & gambling, export processing
(mainly textiles and garments), banking, and construction & real
estate.
Macao was the name given by the Portuguese.
In the mid 16th century, with the expansion of "the great discovery of
navigation" by the European colonialists, the Portuguese using "drying of goods
soaked in the water" as a pretext, gained the right of inhabitancy on the
already open-for-trade Macao Peninsula through offering bribes to the officials
of the Ming Dynasty and rapidly expanded territory under their control, and step
by step occupied Macao, thus exercising colonialist control over Macao. None of
previous Chinese governments had ever recognized the illegal occupation of Macao
by Portugal. In 1979, China and Portugal established diplomatic relations and
the Portuguese side affirmed that Macao is Chinese territory under Portuguese
administration. On December 20, 1999, China restored its exercise of
sovereignty over Macao and thus Macao has returned to the embrace of the
motherland.
Macao has a long history with a rich and
varied culture. The Macao Government and people attach great importance to the
preservation and development of Macao culture imbued with the feature of
Sino-European cultures.
Macao also plays an important role in
advancing regional cooperation. It has special historical, trade and cultural
ties with the European Community. The European Consulting Center jointly set up
by Macao and the European Community in 1992 has been actively involved in
promoting economic relations among Macao, the mainland of China and the EC
countries.
Macao's export processing industry is highly
developed, with 104 trading partners, mainly the US, Germany, France, Briton and
Hong Kong. Tourism is the mainstay of Macao's economy, with many other related
industries, such as hotel, gem, curio, transportation, and entertainment, etc.
Known as the Monte Carlo of the Orient, Macao attracts millions of tourists from
around the world and particularly the Asia-Pacific Region.
Macao is also listed by the World Bank as
one of the developed counties and areas with high income per
capita.