The Yunnan Geological Museum, located at Kunming City of Yunnan Province, is a provincial level comprehensive museum of geological science in China. Its exhibition of geological samples started in 1954. In 1957, the Geological Exhibition Hall was established. In 1979, the Geological and Mineral Exhibition Hall of the Geological Bureau of Yunnan Province was founded. In 1990, it was renamed the Yunnan Geological Museum.

The museum boasts over 5,000 pieces of collections, including the rare collections produced in Yunnan Province, such as the native copper weighing 140 kilograms, the monocrystal of cassiterite weighing 6 kilograms, the moncrystal of topaz weighing 8.7 kilograms (partially transparent), the moncrystal of Iceland spar, twin crystal, the crystal of thick epidote, the bluish green ore that contains copper, the yellowish cadmium smithsonite, the Tianhe Stone, the red arsenic-nickel mine rarely seen in China, the colored molybdenum-lead mine, the Ximeng stone, aquamarine, red emerald, leucite, the teeth of ancient ape found at Xiwa, the tapir of the Miocene Epoch, the rhinoceros fossil 5,000 years ago, two rather complete lizard-feet dinosaur fossil of the early Jurassic Period, the Dabanqiao human fossil of the early Recent Epoch, and the stone artifacts first found in the southern part of China.

The museum is composed of several Exhibition Halls, such as the Mineral Resources, Geological Phenomena, the Ancient Extinct Animals and Plants in the Stratum, the Precious Stones and Jade, and the Achievements of Geological Work. On display in the Hall of Mineral Resources are all the mines from Yunnan Province, such as the mines of tin, copper, lead-zinc, silver, cadmium, thallium, blue asbestos, diatomite, and marble. On display in the Hall of Geological Phenomena are the world famous geological scenes, such as the sewing line of the ancient plates and the double metamorphic belt at Ailaoshan Mountain, the Hutiaoxia at the number one curve of the Yangtze River, the lakes dotted here and there on the plateau, the most marvelous stone forest at Lunan, the group of volcano at Tengchong, the dividing line of the stratum cross section of the early Cambrian System at Meishucun attracting the attention of the world paleontological field, the cross section of Devonian System, the herd of animals of the Mesozoic Era at Lufeng, and the palaeoanthropologic series, the Yunnan ancient ape with rather complete evolution.