The Shaanxi Geological Museum, located at Xi'an City of Shaanxi Province, is a provincial level comprehensive museum of geological science in China. It was prepared in 1979 and officially opened to the pubic on October 1, 1981. In addition to a row of show windows, there are five exhibition halls, namely, the Exhibition Hall of Stratum Rocks, the Exhibition Hall of Minerals, the Exhibition Hall of Mineral Products, the Exhibition Hall of Mineral Deposits, and the Exhibition Hall of Ancient Vertebrate. The museum has collected over 4,500 pieces of samples, 2,500 of which are on display.

The show windows along the street, fifty meters long with a showing space of 150 square meters and arrayed on both sides of the museum entrance, show irregularly special topics and comprehensive topics, such as the achievements of scientific researches, the tourism resources of Shaanxi Province, environmental geology, and catastrophic geology.

On display in the Exhibition Hall of Stratum Rocks are mainly the stratum cross section of Shaanxi Province with the resources of coal, petroleum and bauxite; the cross section of the Cambrian System at Luonan, which is listed as one of the major historical sites under the protection of Shaanxi Province; and the cross section of the graptolite in the medium and lower Silurian stratums at Wafangdian. Also on display in this hall are 523 rock samples of various kinds founded in Shaanxi Province. The volcano rock, granite, the bedrock and super bedrock are of great research value and economic significance.

1,546 samples are on display in the three exhibition halls, the Exhibition Hall of Minerals, the Exhibition Hall of Mineral Products and the Exhibition Hall of Mineral Deposits, and include the main ores and minerals commonly seen in Shaanxi, the mineral resources and the locations with their reserves explored; the turquoise andHujingshi(tiger eye) stone used for arts and crafts; the special ore samples of blue asbestos; the manganese ore at Lanxi; and the rare metal minerals in the Eastern Qinling Area such as lithium, beryllium, rubidium, caesium, niobium and tantalum. Also on display in the Exhibition Hall of Mineral Deposits are the special mines of Shaanxi that play an important role in China, such as coal, smithsonite, mercury, gold, asbestos, potassium feldspar, cement and glass quartzite as well as the samples of the main deposits of the whole province. The rare mineral samples include the native gold weighing 747 grams, diamond, aquamarine, agate and wood fossil. On display in the Exhibition Hall of Ancient Vertebrate are the fossils of ancient vertebrates, including the Hanjiang Chinese Elephant (a Class One collection under the state protection) found in 1984 and named after the location Hanjiang, where it was excavated.